Rethinking the future of hydrogen production
CURRENT SITUATION OF GLOBAL EMISSIONS
The potential of hydrogen derives from the fact that its production can contribute to the decarbonization process of the coming decades.
For this reason it is estimated that hydrogen can enter multiple sectors, finding its application both in a state of purity (100% H₂) and not, with the support of regulation and infrastructures and enabling systems, and that the market as a whole can reach the value of one billion trillion dollars by 2050 (BCG estimates).
The challenges, on the production side, that today hydrogen producers have to face in order for it to truly represent a potential, are mainly two and both must be overcome:
– The creation of a low-cost system
– The creation of a low-emission / low-carbon system
TODAY’S TECHNOLOGIES ARE EXPENSIVE AND INEFFICIENT

Elettrolysis
Electrolysis is the process of using electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
This reaction takes place in a unit called an electrolyzer, that can range in size from small, appliance-size equipment to large-scale, central production facilities.
PROs
Production of pure hydrogen
from a primary material that is readily available (water)
CONs
Costly
Bulky
Use of noble gases such as platinum and iridium, or nickel, which reduces efficiency
CONSUMPTION
50-60 kW/h
per Kg of hydrogen produced

Steam Reforming
Syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) is produces by reaction of hydrocarbons with water, commonly using natural gas as the feedstock.
The reaction is conducted in a reformer vessel where a high-pressure mixture of steam and methane are put into contact with a catalyst.
PROs
Most extensive industrial experience and high yield of hydrogen
CONs
Expensive ballasts are needed
High CO₂ production
High temperatures (over 1000 °C) and high pressures required
Slow production start times
CONSUMPTION
38-42 kW/h
per Kg of hydrogen produced

HPH Technology
Vaporization of a mixture of water and methane through a reactor heated by a high temperature plasma.
The gases then pass over a catalyst (HPH proprietary
know-how) which operates at low temperature (450/500 °C), obtained directly from the plasma
PROs
High conversion efficiency
Low energy consumption and low temperature needed
Fast startup times (few minutes)
Compatibility with traditional steam reforming plants
CONSUMPTION
9-10 kW/h
per Kg of hydrogen produced